Author Affiliations
Abstract
1 The Key Laboratory of Weak-Light Nonlinear Photonics of Education Ministry, School of Physics and TEDA Institute of Applied Physics, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, P. R. China
2 State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Frontiers Science Center for Cell Responses, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, P. R. China
3 Shenzhen Research Institute of Nankai University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518083, P. R. China
4 Collaborative Innovation Center of Extreme Optics, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030006, P. R. China
Collective cell migration is a coordinated movement of multi-cell systems essential for various processes throughout life. The collective motions often occur under spatial restrictions, hallmarked by the collective rotation of epithelial cells confined in circular substrates. Here, we aim to explore how geometric shapes of confinement regulate this collective cell movement. We develop quantitative methods for cell velocity orientation analysis, and find that boundary cells exhibit stronger tangential ordering migration than inner cells in circular pattern. Furthermore, decreased tangential ordering movement capability of collective cells in triangular and square patterns are observed, due to the disturbance of cell motion at unsmooth corners of these patterns. On the other hand, the collective cell rotation is slightly affected by a convex defect of the circular pattern, while almost hindered with a concave defect, also resulting from different smoothness features of their boundaries. Numerical simulations employing cell Potts model well reproduce and extend experimental observations. Together, our results highlight the importance of boundary smoothness in the regulation of collective cell tangential ordering migration.
Collective cell migration spatial restrictions tangential ordering geometric regulation cell Potts model Journal of Innovative Optical Health Sciences
2024, 17(2): 2450001
Author Affiliations
Abstract
1 Nankai University, TEDA Institute of Applied Physics, School of Physics, The MOE Key Laboratory of Weak-Light Nonlinear Photonics, Tianjin, China
2 Shanxi University, Collaborative Innovation Center of Extreme Optics, Taiyuan, China
3 INRS-EMT, Varennes, Quebec, Canada
4 University of Zagreb, Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, Zagreb, Croatia
Synthetic dimensions (SDs) opened the door for exploring previously inaccessible phenomena in high-dimensional space. However, construction of synthetic lattices with desired coupling properties is a challenging and unintuitive task. Here, we use deep learning artificial neural networks (ANNs) to construct lattices in real space with a predesigned spectrum of mode eigenvalues, and thus to validly design the dynamics in synthetic mode dimensions. By employing judiciously chosen perturbations (wiggling of waveguides at desired frequencies), we show resonant mode coupling and tailored dynamics in SDs. Two distinct examples are illustrated: one features uniform synthetic mode coupling, and the other showcases the edge defects that allow for tailored light transport and confinement. Furthermore, we demonstrate morphing of light into a topologically protected edge mode with modified Su–Schrieffer–Heeger photonic lattices. Such an ANN-assisted construction of SDs may advance toward “utopian networks,” opening new avenues for fundamental research beyond geometric limitations as well as for applications in mode lasing, optical switching, and communication technologies.
synthetic dimensions deep learning mode manipulation topological mode morphing photonic lattices Advanced Photonics
2024, 6(2): 026005
1 南开大学物理科学学院&泰达应用物理研究院弱光非线性光子学教育部重点实验室，天津 300457
2 南开大学深圳研究院，广东 深圳 518083
70多年前，黄昆先生提出了著名的“黄昆方程”和“声子极化激元”的理念，开启了极化激元研究的先河。迄今为止，黄昆方程作为以中国本土科学家命名的方程，仍然是描述极化激元最好的理论之一。在后续的几十年里，随着超快光学、纳米光学和太赫兹物理与技术的迅速发展，声子极化激元再次成为了研究的热点前沿，表面声子极化激元的相关研究为电磁波的局域和控制带来了新的维度。近几年，南开大学团队发展了黄昆方程，提出了“受激声子极化激元”的概念，逐步打开了声子极化激元参与并主导的光与物质相互作用研究的大门。基于受激声子极化激元的各种铌酸锂片上集成的太赫兹应用也得益于此，取得了长足的发展。本文对声子极化激元和受激声子极化激元等相关概念加以回顾，介绍受激声子极化激元参与下的光与物质的相互作用体系，并以太赫兹非线性光学和铌酸锂片上集成应用等研究为例，阐述声子极化激元和太赫兹物理领域近年来的发展。
非线性光学 超快光学 声子极化激元 太赫兹 亚波长光学 激光与光电子学进展
2024, 61(1): 0119001
1 1.南开大学 物理科学学院, 天津300071
2 2.中国人民解放军陆军工程大学 基础部, 南京 211101
3 3.南开大学 教育部弱光非线性光子学重点实验室, 天津300071
4 4.河南工程大学 河南省电子陶瓷材料及应用重点实验室, 郑州 451191
5 5.南开大学 泰达应用物理学院, 天津 300071
提拉法生长的晶体肩部形状普遍为斜肩, 但斜肩的肩部质量差且加工难度大, 会降低晶体的利用率, 生长平肩晶体可以解决该问题。然而, 平肩晶体对热场和扩肩工艺要求非常高, 扩肩阶段易出现多晶和包裹体缺陷。铌酸锂晶体作为一种多功能晶体材料, 在电子技术、光通信技术、激光技术及集成光子学技术等领域得到了广泛应用。本研究以同成分铌酸锂晶体为例, 利用数值模拟和实验方法, 研究了提拉法生长平肩晶体的热场和扩肩工艺。结果表明：提拉法生长平肩晶体时, 放肩阶段结晶前沿的界面形状需保持微凸；反射屏降低(10 mm)可减小结晶前沿的温度梯度, 避免肩部生成多晶；扩肩速度以监控为主, 微调加热功率保证扩肩趋势, 适当增大扩肩初期(ϕ≤30 mm)的速度, 降低中后期(ϕ≥35 mm)的扩肩速度, 可达到不产生包裹体和缩短放肩周期的目的；采用小幅度(Δt=10 min)微调拉速(Δv=0.2 mm/h)和功率的策略, 可实现拉速(0~1.5 mm/h)的快速变化(1.5~2 h)而不影响晶体扩肩趋势和质量。使用优化后的热场和扩肩工艺, 获得了系列三英寸平肩同成分铌酸锂晶体, 晶体光学均匀性良好。
铌酸锂 热场设计 平肩晶体 提拉法 晶体生长 lithium niobate crystal thermal field design flat shoulder crystal Czochralski method crystal growth 
Author Affiliations
Abstract
1 MOE Key Laboratory of Weak-Light Nonlinear Photonics, TEDA Institute of Applied Physics and School of Physics, Nankai University, Tianjin 300457, China
2 School of Science, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang 212100, China
3 e-mail: dhzheng@nankai.edu.cn
4 e-mail: bofang@nankai.edu.cn
5 e-mail: kongyf@nankai.edu.cn
6 e-mail: jjxu@nankai.edu.cn
The ability to amplify optical signals is of paramount importance in photonic integrated circuits (PICs). Recently, lithium niobate on insulator (LNOI) has attracted increasing interest as an emerging PIC platform. However, the shortage of efficient active devices on the LNOI platform limits the development of optical amplification. Here, we report an efficient waveguide amplifier based on erbium and ytterbium co-doped LNOI by using electron beam lithography and an inductively coupled plasma reactive ion etching process. We have demonstrated that signal amplification emerges at a low pump power of 0.1 mW, and the net internal gain in the communication band is 16.52 dB/cm under pumping of a 974 nm continuous laser. Benefiting from the efficient pumping facilitated by energy transfer between ytterbium and erbium ions, an internal conversion efficiency of 10% has been achieved, which is currently the most efficient waveguide amplifier under unidirectional pumping reported on the LNOI platform, to our knowledge. This work proposes an efficient active device for LNOI integrated optical systems that may become an important fundamental component of future lithium niobate photonic integration platforms.
Photonics Research
2023, 11(10): 1733
1 南开大学物理科学学院&泰达应用物理研究院弱光非线性光子学教育部重点实验室，天津 300457
2 南开大学深圳研究院，广东 深圳 518083
太赫兹波与离子晶体中光学声子耦合形成的受激声子极化激元，为太赫兹波在晶体材料中的传输调控和非线性增强提供了有效途径，进而为强场太赫兹科学技术的发展开辟了新的可能性。从物理概念、实验方案、调控手段等方面简要回顾了受激声子极化激元相关的研究进展，分析了受激声子极化激元作用下太赫兹波对光与物质相互作用机制的影响，展望了受激声子极化激元在未来强场太赫兹科学技术中的发展潜力与应用前景。
太赫兹 受激声子极化激元 传输调控 非线性效应 中国激光
2023, 50(17): 1714004
1 南开大学物理科学学院&泰达应用物理研究院，弱光非线性光子学教育部重点实验室，天津 300457
2 江苏科技大学理学院，江苏 镇江 212100
铌酸锂晶体是一种多功能、多用途的人工晶体材料，具有温度稳定性好、易于光学冷加工、性能易调控等优势。作为典型的光折变晶体，铌酸锂被广泛应用于高密度光存储、激光物理、信息处理和计算等研究与应用领域。伴随海量存储及动态全息三维显示的巨大需求与快速发展，基于铌酸锂晶体的三维光存储及动态显示再次成为研究热点。针对上述研究与应用，综述了铌酸锂晶体光折变全息存储及显示的原理、研究历史和最新进展，并对未来可能的发展方向进行了展望。
材料 铌酸锂晶体 光折变效应 全息存储 全息显示 中国激光
2023, 50(18): 1813001
Author Affiliations
Abstract
1 Key Laboratory of Weak-Light Nonlinear Photonics, Ministry of Education, TEDA Applied Physics Institute and School of Physics, Nankai University, Tianjin 300457, China
2 Shenzhen Research Institute of Nankai University, Shenzhen 518083, China
Compact terahertz (THz) devices, especially for nonlinear THz components, have received more and more attention due to their potential applications in THz nonlinearity-based sensing, communications, and computing devices. However, effective means to enhance, control, and confine the nonlinear harmonics of THz waves remain a great challenge for micro-scale THz nonlinear devices. In this work, we have established a technique for nonlinear harmonic generation of THz waves based on phonon polariton-enhanced giant THz nonlinearity in a 2D-topologically protected valley photonic microcavity. Effective THz harmonic generation has been observed in both noncentrosymmetric and centrosymmetric nonlinear materials. These results can provide a valuable reference for the generation and control of THz high-harmonics, thus developing new nonlinear devices in the THz regime.
nonlinear optics terahertz waves topological edge states valley Hall effect Chinese Optics Letters
2023, 21(8): 081901
Author Affiliations
Abstract
Nankai University, TEDA Institute of Applied Physics and School of Physics, MOE Key Laboratory of Weak-Light Nonlinear Photonics, Tianjin, China
Lithium niobate (LN) thin film has received much attention as an integrated photonic platform, due to its rich and great photoelectric characteristics, based on which various functional photonic devices, such as electro-optic modulators and nonlinear wavelength converters, have been demonstrated with impressive performance. As an important part of the integrated photonic system, the long-awaited laser and amplifier on the LN thin-film platform have made a series of breakthroughs and important progress recently. In this review paper, the research progress of lasers and amplifiers realized on lithium niobate thin film platforms is reviewed comprehensively. Specifically, the research progress on optically pumped lasers and amplifiers based on rare-earth ions doping of LN thin films is introduced. Some important parameters and existing limitations of the current development are discussed. In addition, the implementation scheme and research progress of electrically pumped lasers and amplifiers on LN thin-film platforms are summarized. The advantages and disadvantages of optically and electrically pumped LN thin film light sources are analyzed. Finally, the applications of LN thin film lasers and amplifiers and other on-chip functional devices are envisaged.
integrated photonics lithium niobate thin film microlasers amplifiers Advanced Photonics
2023, 5(3): 034002
Author Affiliations
Abstract
1 The Key Laboratory of Weak-Light Nonlinear Photonics of Education Ministry, School of Physics and TEDA Institute of Applied Physics, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071 P. R. China
2 State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Frontiers Science Center for Cell Responses, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, P. R. China
3 Collaborative Innovation Center of Extreme Optics, Shanxi University, Taiyuan Shanxi 030006, P. R. China
4 Shenzhen Research Institute of Nankai University, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518083, P. R. China
Actin cytoskeleton plays crucial roles in various cellular functions. Extracellular matrix (ECM) can modulate cell morphology by remodeling the internal cytoskeleton. To define how geometry of ECM regulates the organization of actin cytoskeleton, we plated individual NIH 3T3 cells on micropatterned substrates with distinct shapes and sizes. It was found that the stress fibers could form along the nonadhesive edges of T-shaped pattern, but were absent from the opening edge of V-shaped pattern, indicating that the organization of actin cytoskeleton was dependent on the mechanical environment. Furthermore, a secondary actin ring was observed on 50m circular pattern while did not appear on 30m and 40m pattern, showing a size-dependent organization of actin cytoskeleton. Finally, osteoblasts, MDCK and A549 cells exhibited distinct organization of actin cytoskeleton on T-shaped pattern, suggesting a cell-type specificity in arrangement of actin cytoskeleton. Together, our findings brought novel insight into the organization of actin cytoskeleton on micropatterned environments.Actin cytoskeleton plays crucial roles in various cellular functions. Extracellular matrix (ECM) can modulate cell morphology by remodeling the internal cytoskeleton. To define how geometry of ECM regulates the organization of actin cytoskeleton, we plated individual NIH 3T3 cells on micropatterned substrates with distinct shapes and sizes. It was found that the stress fibers could form along the nonadhesive edges of T-shaped pattern, but were absent from the opening edge of V-shaped pattern, indicating that the organization of actin cytoskeleton was dependent on the mechanical environment. Furthermore, a secondary actin ring was observed on 50m circular pattern while did not appear on 30m and 40m pattern, showing a size-dependent organization of actin cytoskeleton. Finally, osteoblasts, MDCK and A549 cells exhibited distinct organization of actin cytoskeleton on T-shaped pattern, suggesting a cell-type specificity in arrangement of actin cytoskeleton. Together, our findings brought novel insight into the organization of actin cytoskeleton on micropatterned environments.
Actin cytoskeleton photolithography micropatterning extracellular matrix Journal of Innovative Optical Health Sciences
2023, 16(2): 2244005
